Paths and Filters

Path menu, cleanup

Tidy Up Paths	Cmd+Shift+T. Drops zero-length segments.
Add Extremes	Inserts points at the extremes of each curve.
Round Coordinates	Snaps every coordinate to whole units.
Correct Path Direction	Cmd+Shift+R. Outer contours counter-clockwise, holes clockwise, by containment depth.
Reverse Contours	Cmd+Alt+Shift+R. Flip direction by hand.
Set Start Point	Make the selected point the first point of its contour.

Boolean operations

Remove Overlap	Cmd+Shift+O. Merges overlapping contours into one outline.
Union	Adds everything together.
Subtract	Cuts the rest out of the first contour.
Intersect	Keeps only the area they share.
Exclude	Keeps only the area they do not share.

Union merges everything; the others apply the first contour against the rest combined.

Transformations

Flip Horizontal	Cmd+Shift+H
Flip Vertical	Cmd+Shift+V
Rotate	90 degrees left, 90 degrees right, or 180 degrees.
Duplicate Selection	Cmd+D. Contours, components, and anchors.
Duplicate + Repeat	Cmd+Alt+Shift+T. Duplicates and re-applies the last flip or rotation, so a repeated pattern takes one keystroke per step.

The Transformations tiles in the right panel do the same things by mouse. For an exact move or scale, use the Coordinates panel.

Curve commands

Harmonize	Makes curvature continuous across an on-curve point.
Balance	Evens out the handles of a segment.
Optimize	Reduces the point count where the shape allows it.
Fit Curve	Sets the selected segments’ handles to a percentage of their tangent-intersection maximum, so a run of curves takes one consistent tension.

The Curves section of the right panel draws a curvature comb and a continuity display, so you can see the result rather than guess at it.

Curve type

Hyperbezier to Cubic	Hyperbezier contours become ordinary cubic segments.
Quadratic to Cubic	For sources that came from TrueType outlines.
Cubic to Quadratic	For output that needs them.

Filters reshape an outline rather than clean it up.

Filter menu

Offset Curve	Grows or shrinks the outline by a distance.
Expand Stroke	Turns each contour into the outline of a stroke of the width you type, with round joins and caps.
Extrude	Pushes the shape out along a direction.
Roughen	Breaks smooth edges into a rougher line.
Round Corners	Fillets the selected corners. The size and handle ratio follow the corners already in the glyph.
Slanter	Slants the outline, for oblique work.

Expand Stroke is the second half of a way of working rather than a one-off effect.

1. Draw open skeleton paths with the pen tool.
2. Select them, or select nothing to take the whole glyph.
3. Run Expand Stroke and type a weight.

You get letterforms from a skeleton, and the skeleton is easy to redraw at a different weight.

Right-click the canvas for the operations that apply to what is under the pointer.

Context menu

Components	Lock, unlock, decompose one or all, add a component, apply a corner component.
Contours	Set the start point, reverse, round corners, move up or down in the order.
Anchors	Add, delete.